Mercury will retrograde, or appear to be moving backward in the sky, from April 21 through May 14. It's the second of four times Mercury will be moving in retrograde this year.
Mercury isn't the only planet that will retrograde this year. Retrograde motion in astronomy is an apparent motion of a planet in a direction opposite to that of the motions of most other planets of the solar system.
The term "retrograde" comes from the Latin word "retrogradus," which is a combination of the "retro-", which means "backward," and "gradus," which means "step." The ancient Greeks used the word "anapodizō," meaning "to step or go back."
Claudius Ptolemy, an ancient Greek astronomer, had one of the first written records of explaining retrograde motion in the second century A.D. The Ptolemaic model depicted planets moving around Earth in a big circle, known as a deferent, then going around a smaller circle while retrograding, called an epicycle.
Though ancient astronomers didn't quite understand how the solar system was organized from a scientific perspective, astrologers assigned meaning to the planets and their movement through the skies, including their speed and direction.
Hellenistic astrologer Vettius Valens wrote "The Anthology" around the same time as Ptolemy was studying astronomy, the longest, most detailed treatise on astrology from that time period. In it he wrote, "If the star is setting or proceeding with a retrograde motion, it will be harmful and hazardous."
Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra, a medieval astrologer, wrote "The Beginning of Wisdom" in 1148 A.D. as a basic introduction to astrology. In it, he wrote, "A planet about to turn retrograde is like a frightened person, fearing adversities that are coming to him."
Modern astrologers have a more gentle approach to describing planetary retrogrades, saying they're "an internalization of that planetary function." Because Mercury rules the mind and communication, Mercury retrograde can be a time for mental reflection.
This year, every planet in our solar system will retrograde, including the dwarf planet Pluto. That excludes the Earth, because the planets are retrograding from Earth's perspective.
Mercury completes its orbit in about 88 days, which is why we typically experience three to four Mercury retrogrades each year.
Along with ruling the mind and communication, Mercury also rules travel, commerce and technology. This is why it can be blamed for travel delays, technology problems and people from your past coming back into the picture.
- Dec. 29, 2022-Jan. 18, 2023 – In Capricorn (completed)
- April 21-May 14 – In Taurus
- Aug. 23-Sept. 15 – In Virgo
- Dec. 13-Jan. 1, 2024 – In Capricorn and Sagittarius
Venus takes about 225 days to orbit the sun and retrogrades once every 18 months for about six weeks. It retrogrades the least amount of time of any of the other planets.
Venus rules your love, values and what you find beautiful. While in retrograde, it can test your relationships, inspire you to redecorate your home and encourage you to love yourself more.
- July 22-Sept. 3 – In Leo
Mars takes around 687 days to orbit the sun and retrogrades once every 26 months for about 2½ months.
Mars rules action, ambition and passion. While in retrograde, it may be hard to get work done because it can make you less energetic and impulsive.
- Oct. 30, 2022-Jan. 12, 2023 – In Gemini
Jupiter takes about 12 years to orbit the sun and retrogrades once every nine months for about four months.
Jupiter rules luck, expansion, philosophy and spirituality. While in retrograde, it can be a time to pause and examine how you're aligning with the big-picture goals of your life.
- Sept. 4-Dec. 30 – In Taurus
Saturn takes about 29 years to orbit the sun and retrogrades once every year for about 4½ months.
Saturn rules boundaries, time and responsibility. While in retrograde, it can balance out karmic debts and bring reality checks.
- June 17-Nov. 4 – In Pisces
Uranus takes about 84 years to orbit the sun and retrogrades once every year for five to six months.
Uranus rules disruption, revolution and innovation. It may be more difficult to come up with new ideas during its retrograde.
Because it spends about half the year in retrograde like Neptune and Pluto, its retrograde effects may not be felt as strongly as those of the planets closer to Earth.
- Aug. 24, 2022-Jan. 22, 2023 – In Taurus
- Aug. 28-Jan. 27 – In Taurus
Neptune takes about 165 years to orbit the sun and retrogrades once every year for five to six months.
Neptune rules dreams, illusions and dissolution. While in retrograde, reality may seem clearer and harsher.
- June 30-Dec. 6 – In Pisces
Pluto takes about 248 years to orbit the sun and retrogrades once every year for five to six months.
Pluto was once considered the ninth planet. Pluto is the largest planet in the Kuiper belt and the most well-known of a new category of worlds known as dwarf planets.
Pluto rules transformation, initiation and subconscious forces. While in retrograde, it may be easier to acquaint yourself with your subconscious.
- May 1-Oct. 10 – In Aquarius and Capricorn
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2023-04-19 11:03:03Z
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